Dynamic SAS-6 phosphorylation aids centrosome duplication and elimination in C. elegans oogenesis

Authors:

Feifei Qi, Shanshan Yin, Xiangrui Yang, Ning Ju, Bohan Liu, Xing Zhang, Zixuan Zhu, Li Ji, Fuxin Zhang, Li Zhao, Ruoxi Wang, Min Liu, Liangran Zhang, Huijie Zhao, Jun Zhou, Jinmin Gao

Keywords:

centrosome duplication; centrosome elimination; centrosome stability; oogenesis; centriole inheritance; zygote; C. elegans; SAS-6; CDK-1

Abstract:

In most metazoans, centrosome elimination during oogenesis ensures accurate centriole inheritance in the zygote, yet the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we reveal a critical role for controlled SAS-6 phosphorylation in centrosome dynamics during oogenesis. Centrioles disassemble during late meiotic prophase, while the cartwheel protein SAS-6 exhibits dynamic behavior in early meiotic prophase. Purified SAS-6 undergoes phase separation in vitro, and overexpressed SAS-6 forms droplets in cells. Mass spectrometry and kinase assays reveal that SAS-6 is phosphorylated at its C-terminus in cells and in vivo, with CDK-1 identified as a direct kinase. This phosphorylation inhibits SAS-6 phase separation and weakens interactions between centriolar proteins. SAS-6 degradation confirms its role in centrosome stability, and CDK-1 activity is required for timely centriole disassembly. Phospho-mimetic and phospho-deficient mutants demonstrate that dynamic SAS-6 phosphorylation is essential for centrosome assembly and elimination. We propose that the disordered C-terminus of SAS-6 facilitates cartwheel stacking via multivalent weak interactions, promoting centriole stability. Phosphorylation disrupts these interactions, impairing centrosome duplication and promoting elimination during oogenesis.

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