2024

Advances in posterity of visualization in paradigm of nano-level ultra-structures for nano–bio interaction studies

Authors:

Aishee Ghosh, Abha Gupta, Snehasmita Jena, Apoorv Kirti, Anmol Choudhury, Utsa Saha, Adrija Sinha, Shalini Kumari, Małgorzata Kujawska, Ajeet Kaushik, Suresh K. Verma

Keywords:

nano–bio interaction studies; nano-level; ultra-structures; review; microscopic techniques; interactions; nanostructures; biological entities; nanotechnology

Abstract:

The progression in contemporary scientific field is facilitated by a multitude of sophisticated and cutting-edge methodologies that are employed for various research purposes. Among these methodologies, microscopy stands out as a fundamental and essential technique utilized in scientific investigations. Moreover, due to the continuous evolution and enhancement of microscopic methodologies, nanotechnology has reached a highly developed stage within modern scientific realm, particularly renowned for its wide-ranging applications in the fields of biomedicine and environmental science. When it comes to conducting comprehensive and in-depth experimental analyses to explore the nanotechnological aspects relevant to biological applications, the concept of nano–biological interaction emerges as the focal point of any research initiative. Nonetheless, this particular study necessitates a meticulous approach toward imaging and visualization at diverse magnification levels to ensure accurate observations and interpretations. It is widely acknowledged that modern microscopy has emerged as a sophisticated and invaluable instrument in this regard. This review aims to provide a comprehensive discussion on the progress made in microscopic techniques specifically tailored for visualizing the interactions between nanostructures and biological entities, thereby facilitating the exploration of the practical applications of nanotechnology in the realm of biological sciences.